On the microgravity condition, gravity affects the motion of objects and the flow of fluids, and the continuum assumption is not valid, therefore, a fractal Chaplygin-He gas model is developed by a new fractal derivative in microgravity space. A fractal Variational principle is successfully established via the fractal semiinverse method.

One of the factors that can be the link between our intentions and actions and their external consequences is human agency, which indicates the conscious design and intentional execution of actions by the individual in order to influence future events.Objective and Method: This research with a developmental approach of psychometric method and method 1, examines the psychometric indices of the Human Factor Characteristics Scale using the classical theory of test score measurement and the graduated question-answer theory. The purpose of this study, which included high school students in Tehran, was selected by cluster sampling of 500 people as a sample size and statistical analysis was performed on 481 data. To collect the data, the ion Human Agent Characteristics Scale (2011) was used and the research questions were evaluated using IRTPRO and SPSS software.Results:The assumption of local independence based on Pearson x2 index was established by applying Simjima's calibrated question-answer theory and the assumption of being one-dimensional based on the analysis of multidimensional question-answer theory. Diagnosis parameters with question-answer approach and classical approach Test score Both item 25 approach had the lowest and item 2 had the highest diagnosis parameter. The answer thresholds for all the questions were so far apart that no option was covered by the other option, and the options were independently selected by individuals at intervals of theta. The total scale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.945, intentionality of 0.894, foresight of 0.780, self-reactivity of 0.871 and rethinking of 0.762. Also, the role of each item in internal consistency was investigated by the loop method, which all questions had a favorable role in internal consistency of this scale. The value of the validity coefficient obtained from the question-answer theory was obtained by marginal method for intentionality 0.92, forethought 0.85, self-reaction 0.91, rethinking 0.83..

The present study is concerned with the Variational principle and plane wave propagation in double porous thermoelastic infinite medium. Lord-Shulman theory [2] of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time has been used to investigate the problem. It is found that for two dimensional model, there exists four coupled longitudinal waves namely longitudinal wave (P), longitudinal thermal wave (T), longitudinal volume fractional wave corresponding to pores (PV1), and longitudinal volume fractional wave corresponding to fissures (PV2), in addition to, a transverse wave (S) which is not affected by the volume fraction fields and thermal properties. The different characteristics of the wave such as phase velocity and attenuation quality factor are computed numerically and depicted graphically. Some special cases are also deduced from the present investigation.

In this paper we prove that if X is a Banach space, then for every lower semi-continuous bounded below function f; there exists a ('1; '2)-convex function g; with arbitrarily small norm, such that f + g attains its strong minimum on X: This result extends some of the well-known varitional principles as that of Ekeland [On the Variational principle, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 47 (1974) 323{ 353], that of Borwein-Preiss [A smooth Variational principle with applications to subdi erentiability and to di erentiability of convex functions, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 303 (1987) 517{527] and that of Deville-Godefroy-Zizler [Un principe variationel utilisant des fonctions bosses, C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris). Ser. I 312 (1991) 281{286] and [A smooth Variational principle with applications to Hamilton-Jacobi equations in in nite dimensions, J. Funct. Anal. 111 (1993) 197{212].

In this paper, we examine the perturbed absolute value Variational inequalities (PAVVI), a new class of Variational inequalities. For the (PAVVI), some new merit functions are established. We develop the error bounds for (PAVVI) using these merit functions. The results presented here recapture a number of previously established findings in the relevant fields because (PAVVI) include Variational inequalities, the absolute value complementarity problem, and systems of absolute value equations as special cases.